The Chain of Survival and CPR
The “Chain of Survival'' refers to the chain of events that must occur in rapid succession to maximize the chances of survival from sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). McKallen Medical Training highlights the five links of this Chain of Survival and how CPR skills can help save the life of a victim.
This metaphor “Chain of Survival” has been created to educate the public about its vital role in helping SCA victims. It suggests that each link is critical and interdependent, and the Chain of Survival is only as strong as its weakest link. Bystanders can play a crucial role in saving lives by addressing the first four links in the Chain of Survival.
Every year, approximately 395,000 cardiac arrests occur outside a hospital out of which only 6% of the victims survive. According to the American Health Association, approximately 45% of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest victims survive when they get CPR from a bystander. CPR can prolong the life of a victim by circulating oxygenated blood throughout the body and grant some time to emergency responders to arrive. Therefore bystanders play a crucial role in saving the life of an SCA victim.
The five links as explained by the American Heart Association are:
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Recognizing the signs of cardiac arrest, and calling for emergency help
A huge percentage of cardiac arrests occur at home or outdoors—not in a hospital. In such situations, the first line of care falls upon the shoulders of inexperienced, non-professional bystanders.
It’s important to recognize the symptoms of cardiac arrest and take action. The symptoms can be any or all of the below:
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- Dizziness or lightheadedness
- Heart palpitations
- Chest pain
- Fatigue
- Shortness of breath
- Fainting
Even in the absence of a history of heart problems, a cardiac arrest is possible. Sometimes, victims may just lose consciousness without any warning. The first step must be to call 911 or the local emergency service number.
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CPR with chest compressions
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a lifesaving technique that's useful in many emergencies in which someone's breathing or heartbeat has stopped. It must be administered immediately after cardiac arrest has occurred.
For laymen, the “hands-only” technique is to simply push hard and fast in the center of the chest. The recommended depth of compression (for adults, at least) is a minimum of two inches, with the ribcage recoiling completely between compressions.
A bystander with a CPR certification can of course handle the situation with more confidence and effectiveness. With McKallen’s CPR certification even high school students can acquire this skill and be of service to their fellow citizens.
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Delivering rapid defibrillation
AED or automated external defibrillator is a device that analyzes the heart’s natural rhythm and delivers an electrical shock that helps a normal rhythm begin again. Statistics show that 66% of cardiac arrest victims who received an AED shock from a bystander survived to the point of hospital discharge.
Although the legislation varies at the state level, many schools, malls, gyms, movie theatres, airports, and other public buildings have an AED on-site. One needs to follow the very clear audio and visual prompts to use an AED.
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Providing basic and advanced emergency medical services
This step is fulfilled by the Emergency Medical Services personnel. It may include delivering emergency response CPR, administering medications, and delivering other interventions to stabilize the patient and get them to the hospital swiftly.
The first few links in the chain - a bystander recognizing the cardiac arrest, calling 911, and administering emergency CPR - are very important for the timely and effective delivery of emergency medical care.
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Advanced life support and post-cardiac-arrest care
This stage of care after the patient wakes up is as important as the early stages of care. In this stage, the care provided after the patient wakes up can be just as crucial as the care they receive in the early stages. The quality of care in this stage determines the survival and recovery of the patient after the discharge. Post cardiac arrest recovery includes restoring brain function as well as physical health.
SCA patients will need to work with healthcare providers such as cardiologists, nurses, physical therapists, and dietitians for complete recovery and establish key medical and lifestyle changes going forward.
When every link in the Chain of Survival is strong, the chances of an SCA victim surviving increase. A CPR certification at McKallen Medical Training can make a bystander a strong link in this Chain of Survival.
Why McKallen Medical Training?
At McKallen Medical Training, the instructors educate and prepare individuals to become healthcare professionals committed to lifelong learning, civility, and service to enhance the health and wellness of diverse communities.
McKallen Medical is committed to promoting career mobility by providing several program options to both traditional and non-traditional learners. Here are five reasons to opt for McKallen Medical Training:
- Job assistance
- Free tutoring
- Experienced instructors
- Flexible payment plan
- No waiting list
- Convenient online and classroom schedule
CNA training
McKallen Medical Training is an official partner of the AMERICAN RED CROSS Nurse Assistant Training Program. Students will learn the essential skills required to fulfill the responsibilities that comprise the full spectrum of patient care, including:
- gathering vital medical information,
- maintaining a safe, clean environment,
- assisting patients with daily activities,
- and communicating vital health information about a patient’s condition to supervising RNs and LPNs and other medical staff.
This program will prepare the student for certification by the State of California as an entry-level healthcare worker.
CPR/BLS Basic Life Support class covers:
- Adult, Child, and Infant CPR.
- Conscious and Unconscious Choking for victims of all ages.
- AED use and special considerations.
- Breathing Barriers, Bag Valve Masks, and 2 Rescuer CPR.
- Cardiopulmonary Emergencies and Special Resuscitation Situations.
For more information on CPR/BLS certification, call at (747) 225-6776 or email at admin@mckallenmedicaltraining.com
Source: https://mckallenmedicaltraining.mediaroom.app/media-room/101857-mckallen-medical-training-discusses-the-chain-of-survival-and-cpr-training
